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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">amedj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Амурский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Amur Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-5068</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Амурская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22448/AMJ.2025.2.7-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">QQFLVI</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">amedj-59</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Неврология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES. Neurology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологическая и клиническая картина бокового амиотрофического склероза в Амурской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Amur Region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сиренко</surname><given-names>Ю. А</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sirenko</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сиренко Юлия Альбертовна  - ассистент кафедры нервных болезней, психиатрии и наркологии</p><p>Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Sirenko</p><p>Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuliya_bugrenkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карнаух</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karnaukh</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карнаух Валентина Николаевна  - д.м.н., профессор кафедры нервных болезней, психиатрии и нарколог</p><p>Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina N. Karnaukh</p><p>Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дулеба</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Duleba</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дулеба Андрей Петрович  - заведующий отделением неврологии</p><p>Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey P. Duleba</p><p>Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородин</surname><given-names>П. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodin</surname><given-names>P. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бородин Павел Евгеньевич - врач-невролог</p><p>Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel E. Borodin</p><p>Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Амурская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное автономное учреждение здравоохранения Амурской области «Амурская областная клиническая больница»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Amur Regional Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сиренко Ю.А., Карнаух В.Н., Дулеба А.П., Бородин П.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сиренко Ю.А., Карнаух В.Н., Дулеба А.П., Бородин П.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sirenko Y.A., Karnaukh V.N., Duleba A.P., Borodin P.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.amedj.ru/jour/article/view/59">https://www.amedj.ru/jour/article/view/59</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования - определение эпидемиологических и клинических особенностей бокового амиотрофического склероза (БАС) в Амурской области.Материал и методы. Проанализированы истории болезни 54 пациентов (женщин — 23, мужчин — 31) с диагнозом БАС, проходивших стационарное лечение в неврологическом отделении Амурской областной клинической больницы с 2012 по 2022 гг. Заболеваемость БАС составила от 0,5 до 1,04 случая на 100 тыс. населения в год. Средний возраст дебюта заболевания — 59,37±1,33 года.Результаты. Среди пациентов наиболее часто определяли поясничный дебют заболевания, реже — бульбарный и шейный, наиболее редко — диффузный. При поясничном дебюте БАС отмечено преобладание мужчин — 70% (n=19), женщин — 30% (n=8). Шейный дебют чаще диагностирован у женщин — 64% (n=7), у мужчин — 36% (n=4). При других вариантах дебюта данного заболевания достоверных различий заболеваемости по половому признаку не выявлено. При разных формах дебюта БАС чаще встречали сегментарно-ядерный вариант течения заболевания. Наиболее распространенным начальным симптомом была слабость в одной ноге — в 39% случаев (n=21) и бульбарные симптомы — 20,4% случаев (n=11). Слабость в одной руке составила 9,2% (n=5), что связано с более редким шейным дебютом БАС. Другие начальные симптомы отмечены в 31,4% случаев (n=17).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: To determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in Amur Region.Material and methods: Medical records of 54 ALS patients (23 women, 31 men) hospitalized in the neurological department of Amur Regional Clinical Hospital between 2012 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The annual incidence of ALS ranged from 0.5 to 1.04 cases per 100,000 population. The mean age at disease onset was 59.37±1.33 years.Results: The most common clinical onset was lumbar, followed by bulbar and cervical; diffuse onset was the rarest. In lumbar-onset ALS, males significantly predominated (70%, n=19 vs. 30%, n=8). Conversely, cervical onset was more frequent in women (64%, n=7) than in men (36%, n=4). No significant sexbased differences were observed in other onset types. Across all onset forms, the segmental-nuclear disease variant was most prevalent. The most common initial symptoms were unilateral leg weakness (39% of cases, n=21) and bulbar symptoms (20.4%, n=11). Unilateral arm weakness occurred in 9.2% (n=5), reflecting the lower frequency of cervical onset. Other initial manifestations were noted in 31.4% of patients (n=17).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>боковой амиотрофический склероз</kwd><kwd>сегментарно-ядерный вариант</kwd><kwd>центральный мотонейрон</kwd><kwd>периферический мотонейрон</kwd><kwd>бульбарные симптомы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</kwd><kwd>segmental-nuclear variant</kwd><kwd>upper motor neuron</kwd><kwd>lower motor neuron</kwd><kwd>bulbar symptoms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левицкий Г.Н. Боковой амиотрофический склероз. Москва: Практическая медицина, 2010. 568 с. ISBN: 978-5-98811-145-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levitsky G.N. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Moscow: Practical Medicine, 2010. 568 p. 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