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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">amedj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Амурский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Amur Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-5068</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Амурская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22448/AMJ.2025.1.41-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">IFIGXN</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">amedj-24</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Внутренние болезни</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH. Internal diseases</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика клинических проявлений и отдаленные респираторные исходы у амбулаторных пациентов с COVID-19 разной степени тяжести</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dynamics of clinical manifestations and long-term respiratory outcomes in outpatients with COVID-19 of varying severity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1971-1795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абулдинова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abuldinova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абулдинова Ольга Александровна – ассистент кафедры госпитальной терапии с курсом фармакологии имени профессора Ю.С. Ландышева</p><p>Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Abuldinova</p><p>Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abuldinova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5544-0132</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhod'ko</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Приходько Ольга Борисовна – д.м.н., доцент, профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии с курсом фармакологии имени профессора Ю.С. Ландышева</p><p>Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga B. Prikhod'ko</p><p>Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prik0806@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0735-8481</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абулдинов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abuldinov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абулдинов Антон Сергеевич – к.м.н., ассистент кафедры анестезиологии, реанимации, интенсивной терапии и скорой медицинской помощи</p><p>Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton S. Abuldinov</p><p>Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abuldinov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Амурская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Amur State Medical Academy Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абулдинова О.А., Приходько О.Б., Абулдинов А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абулдинова О.А., Приходько О.Б., Абулдинов А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abuldinova O.A., Prikhod'ko O.B., Abuldinov A.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.amedj.ru/jour/article/view/24">https://www.amedj.ru/jour/article/view/24</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – провести сравнительный анализ клинических проявлений новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) в зависимости от степени вовлечения респираторной системы и оценить частоту персистирующих респираторных симптомов в отдаленном периоде наблюдения.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В проспективное когортное исследование включены 177 человек, наблюдавшихся на амбулаторном этапе в ГАУЗ АО «Городская поликлиника № 4» г. Благовещенска в период 2020–2025 гг. Сформированы три группы: 1-я группа – пациенты с нетяжелой вирусной пневмонией (КТ-I &lt;25% паренхимы легких) COVID-19-этиологии (n=67); 2-я группа – пациенты с подтвержденной инфекцией SARS-CoV-2 и изолированным поражением верхних дыхательных путей без рентгенологических признаков пневмонии (n=60); группа контроля – практически здоровые лица (n=50). Проводили сбор жалоб, анамнеза и физикальное обследование в первые 72 ч от начала заболевания с повторным мониторингом через 2 нед. Через 3 и 12 мес пациенты заполняли структурированный вопросник для самооценки состояния здоровья после COVID-19. Одышку оценивали по модифицированной шкале Medical Research Council (mMRC). Статистический анализ выполняли с использованием критерия χ² Пирсона и точного критерия Фишера (p &lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В острой фазе у пациентов 1-й группы достоверно чаще по сравнению со 2-й группой наблюдали одышку (83,58% vs 6,67%, p &lt;0,001) и общую слабость (100% vs 86,67%, p &lt;0,001) и общую слабость (100% vs 86,67%, p &lt;0,01). Через 2 нед одышка сохранялась у 62,69% пациентов 1-й группы и 6,67% пациентов 2-й группы (p&lt; 0,001). Через 3 мес персистирующая одышка по шкале mMRC выявлена у 47,76% в 1-й группе и 43,33% во 2-й группе (p &gt;0,05); к 12 мес – 26,87 и 25% соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Степень поражения легочной ткани в острую фазу COVID-19 определяет выраженность клинической симптоматики и динамику респираторных нарушений. Выявлен феномен нарастания одышки к 3 мес у пациентов без пневмонии с последующим регрессом к 12 мес.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of clinical manifestations of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) according to the degree of respiratory system involvement and to assess the frequency of persistent respiratory symptoms during long-term follow-up.</p><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. A prospective cohort study included 177 individuals treated on an outpatient basis at the Amur Regional Healthcare Institution “City Polyclinic No. 4”, Blagoveshchensk, between 2020 and 2025. Three groups were formed: Group 1 – patients with mild viral pneumonia (CT-1, lung parenchyma involvement &lt;25%) associated with COVID-19 (n=67); Group 2 – patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and isolated upper respiratory tract involvement without radiological signs of pneumonia (n=60); control group – presumably healthy individuals (n=50). Data collection included symptom assessment, medical history, and physical examination within the first 72 hours of illness, with repeat monitoring after 2 weeks. At 3 and 12 months, patients completed a structured selfassessment questionnaire on post-COVID health status. Dyspnea was evaluated using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s χ² test and Fisher’s exact test (p &lt;0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During the acute phase, patients in Group 1 experienced significantly higher rates of dyspnea (83.58% vs. 6.67%, p &lt;0.001) and general weakness (100% vs. 86.67%, p &lt;0.01) compared to Group 2. After 2 weeks, dyspnea persisted in 62.69% of Group 1 patients versus 6.67% in Group 2 (p &lt;0.001). Group 2 (p &gt;0.05); at 12 months, these figures were 26.87% and 25%, respectively. Conclusion. The extent of lung tissue involvement during the acute phase of COVID-19 determines the severity of clinical symptoms and the dynamics of respiratory impairments. A phenomenon of increasing dyspnea at 3 months was observed in patients without pneumonia, followed by regression by 12 months.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>клинические проявления</kwd><kwd>одышка</kwd><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>вирусная пневмония</kwd><kwd>амбулаторное наблюдение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>clinical manifestations</kwd><kwd>dyspnea</kwd><kwd>post-COVID syndrome</kwd><kwd>viral pneumonia</kwd><kwd>outpatient observation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fernández-de-las-Peñas C., Palacios-Ceña D., Gómez-Mayordomo V., et al. Prevalence of post-COVID-19 symptoms in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis // European Journal of Internal Medicine. 2021. N 92. 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