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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">amedj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Амурский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Amur Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-5068</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-831X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Амурская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22448/AMJ.2026.3.23-</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DTHNFF</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">amedj-131</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Патофизиология и морфология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES. Pathophysiology and morphology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гистологическая и иммуногистохимическая оценка заживления раневого дефекта ткани кожи при использовании биодеградируемых тканеинженерных продуктов на фоне глубокого отморожения кожи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Histological and immunohistochemical assessment of skin wound defect healing using biodegradable tissue-engineered products in deep frostbite</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5516-0165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранников</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barannikov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранников Сергей Владимирович – ассистент кафедры гистологии и биологии</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Горького, 95 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Barannikov </p><p>95 Gorky Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barannikovsv97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-0201</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андриевская</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrievskaya</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андриевская Ирина Анатольевна – д.б.н., профессор РАН, заведующий лабораторией механизмов этиопатогенеза и восстановительных процессов дыхательной системы при неспецифических заболеваниях легких; советник ректора по научной работе и инновационной деятельности </p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Горького, 95 </p><p>675011, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Andrievskaya </p><p>95 Gorky Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000 </p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675011 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina-andrievskaja@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9893-2799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурикова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churikova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чурикова Татьяна Сергеевна – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории механизмов этиопатогенеза и восстановительных процессов дыхательной системы при неспецифических заболеваниях легких; ассистент кафедры патологической анатомии с курсом судебной медицины</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Горького, 95 </p><p>675011, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana S. Churikova </p><p>95 Gorky Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000 </p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675011 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">churikova97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Амурская государственная медицинская академия Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Amur State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Амурская государственная медицинская академия Минздрава России ; Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Amur State Medical Academy ; Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранников С.В., Андриевская И.А., Чурикова Т.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранников С.В., Андриевская И.А., Чурикова Т.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barannikov S.V., Andrievskaya I.A., Churikova T.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.amedj.ru/jour/article/view/131">https://www.amedj.ru/jour/article/view/131</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Разработка новых модификаций биодеградируемых тканеинженерных продуктов (БТП) для терапии глубоких отморожений сохраняет высокую актуальность в области медицины критических температурных состояний. Один из ключевых регуляторов клеточной пролиферации, миграции, ремоделирования тканей, фиброгенеза и регенерации – трансформирующий фактор роста бета-1 (TGF-β1).</p><p>Цель исследования – провести гистологическую и иммуногистохимическую (ИГХ) оценку заживления раневого дефекта после глубокого отморожения кожи в эксперименте при использовании как стандартной терапии, так и при совмещении с имплантацией БТП.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследование выполнено на 50 крысах-самцах линии Wistar. Крысам контрольной и экспериментальной групп моделировали глубокое контактное отморожение III степени кожи спины, после чего контрольной группе проводилась стандартная терапия отморожения, экспериментальной группе дополнительно имплантировали БТП. Выведение животных из эксперимента происходило на 7-е и 14-е сутки. Определяли морфологию раневого дефекта в препаратах кожи с использованием окраски гематоксилин-эозин. Оценку экспрессии TGF-β1 проводили ИГХ методом по проценту экспрессирующих белок клеток дермы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На 7-е сутки в экспериментальной группе отмечено активное прорастание зоны внедрения БТП волокнами дермы и формирование умеренной перифокальной сосудистой сети с признаками спазмирования. К 14-м суткам сформировалось разветвленное микроциркуляторное русло без признаков застойной недостаточности. По данным ИГХ анализа уровень экспрессии TGF-β1 в группе сравнения на 7-е и 14-е сутки выше в 5,84 (p=0,012) и 5,56 раза (p=0,025), чем в интактной группе. В экспериментальной группе уровень белка был повышенным на 7-е сутки (в 3,38 раза, p=0,028), тогда как на 14-е сутки значимых различий не выявлено (р=0,116). Экспрессия TGF-β1 в экспериментальной группе значимо ниже, чем в группе сравнения как на 7-е (в 1,73 раза, p=0,024), так и на 14-е сутки (в 5,13 раза, p=0,017). При этом в экспериментальной группе к 14-м суткам уровень белка снизился в 3,12 раза относительно 7-х суток (p=0,031), тогда как в группе сравнения динамика отсутствовала (p=0,213).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение БТП обеспечивает не только структурное замещение дефекта, но и регулирует молекулярные механизмы раневого процесса при глубоких отморожениях, предотвращая формирование грубого рубца за счет контроля экспрессии TGF-β1.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The development of new modifications of biodegradable tissue-engineered products (BTEP) for the treatment of deep frostbite remains highly relevant in the field of critical temperature medicine. One of the key regulators of cell proliferation, migration, tissue remodeling, fibrogenesis, and regeneration is transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1).</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to perform histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) assessment of wound defect healing after deep skin frostbite in an experiment using standard therapy and in combination with BTEP implantation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study was conducted on 50 male Wistar rats. Deep contact frostbite of the dorsal skin (grade III) was modeled in rats of the control and experimental groups, after which the control group received standard frostbite therapy, while the experimental group additionally received BTEP implantation. The animals were removed from the experiment on days 7 and 14. The morphology of the wound defect in skin specimens was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. TGF-β1 expression was evaluated by the IHC method as the percentage of protein-expressing dermal cells.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. On day 7, the experimental group showed active ingrowth of dermal fibers into the BTEP implantation zone and the formation of a moderate perifocal vascular network with signs of spasm. By day 14, a branched microcirculatory bed had formed without signs of congestive insufficiency. According to IHC analysis, the TGF-β1 expression level in the comparison group on days 7 and 14 was 5.84-fold (p=0.012) and 5.56-fold higher (p=0.025), respectively, than in the intact group. In the experimental group, the protein level was elevated on day 7 (3.38-fold, p=0.028), whereas no significant differences were detected on day 14 (p=0.116). TGF-β1 expression in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the comparison group both on day 7 (1.73-fold, p=0.024) and on day 14 (5.13-fold, p=0.017). Moreover, in the experimental group, the protein level decreased 3.12-fold by day 14 relative to day 7 (p=0.031), whereas in the comparison group there was no dynamics (p=0.213).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of BTEP not only ensures structural replacement of the defect but also regulates the molecular mechanisms of the wound process in deep frostbite, preventing the formation of a coarse scar through the control of TGF-β1 expression.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биодеградируемый тканеинженерный продукт</kwd><kwd>глубокое отморожение</kwd><kwd>кожа</kwd><kwd>трансформирующий фактор роста бета-1</kwd><kwd>TGF-β1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biodegradable tissue-engineered product</kwd><kwd>deep frostbite</kwd><kwd>skin</kwd><kwd>transforming growth factor beta-1</kwd><kwd>TGF-β1</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Природно-климатические условия и социальногеографическое пространство России. Под ред. А.Н. Золотокрылина, В.В. Виноградовой, О.Б. Глезера. Москва: Институт географии РАН, 2018; 154 с. 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